Stomach (gastric) cancer usually develops slowly, through stages of change in the stomach lining. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori causes long-term inflammation, which can lead to atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. Both are recognised early changes, and finding them allows closer follow-up.
Dr Chia is a site investigator for the multicentre GCEP study on screening and prevention of stomach cancer in Singapore, and his publications focus on preventing stomach cancer.
Who may benefit from a check
- Adults aged around 50 and above, particularly Chinese men, who have a higher risk in Singapore
- People with a family history of stomach cancer
- People with H. pylori infection, or previously found intestinal metaplasia
- Anyone with warning symptoms such as weight loss, difficulty swallowing, vomiting, black stools or anaemia. These need prompt assessment, not routine screening.
How it is done
The main test is a gastroscopy, where small samples (biopsies) can be taken to check for H. pylori and early changes. If H. pylori is found, it is treated with a course of antibiotics, and clearance is confirmed afterwards.
Follow-up
People with intestinal metaplasia or other higher-risk findings may be advised to have repeat gastroscopies at set intervals. The interval depends on the findings and other risk factors.
General information only. Reviewed by Dr Chia Chung King, 2026-11-07. Book a consultation.