Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. Many adults in Singapore with chronic hepatitis B were infected at birth or in early childhood, and feel well for decades. Over time, the infection can cause liver scarring, cirrhosis and liver cancer, so regular follow-up is important even without symptoms.
What follow-up involves
- Blood tests for liver function, hepatitis B viral load (HBV DNA) and hepatitis B markers
- A liver stiffness test (FibroScan) to check for scarring
- For people at higher risk, an ultrasound every six months, often with an AFP blood test, to look for liver cancer early. See liver cancer surveillance.
Treatment
Not everyone with hepatitis B needs medicine. Treatment depends on the viral load, liver inflammation and the amount of scarring. When it is needed, antiviral tablets such as entecavir or tenofovir keep the virus suppressed and lower the risk of complications. They are usually taken long term.
Family members
Close family members and partners should be tested, and vaccinated if they are not immune.
When to see a specialist
- A new diagnosis of hepatitis B
- Abnormal liver tests or a rising viral load
- Pregnancy, planned chemotherapy or immunosuppressive treatment
- Hepatitis B with cirrhosis or a family history of liver cancer
General information only. Reviewed by Dr Chia Chung King, 2026-11-07. Book a consultation.